Energy can be measured in various units depending on the context and the system being analyzed. Here are some common units of energy and their conversions:
Joule (J): The joule is the SI unit of energy. One joule is equal to the energy transferred when a force of one newton acts over a distance of one meter.
- 1 joule (J) = 1 newton-meter (N·m)
Calorie (cal): The calorie is a unit of energy commonly used in chemistry and nutrition. There are two definitions of the calorie:
- The small calorie (cal): 1 cal is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
- The large calorie (Cal or kcal): 1 Cal is equal to 1000 small calories. It is often used in nutrition to quantify the energy content of food.
- 1 Calorie (kcal) = 1000 calories (cal)
British Thermal Unit (BTU): The British thermal unit is a unit of energy commonly used in the United States, particularly in the energy and HVAC industries.
- 1 BTU is approximately equal to the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
- 1 BTU ≈ 1055.06 joules
Kilowatt-hour (kWh): The kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy commonly used for billing electricity usage. It represents the energy consumption of one kilowatt (1000 watts) of power over one hour.
- 1 kWh = 3.6 million joules (J)
When converting between these units, you can use conversion factors or online conversion tools. Additionally, it's essential to be mindful of the context in which the energy is being used to ensure accurate conversions.
SI system has 6 base units on which other units are derived. The base units are:
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